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The Global Classroom carries the unique GEMS “Dynamic” materials and assessments of Dr Sunita Gandhi, Ph.D. Cambridge University, UK. These have been tested and tried in three countries, Iceland, India and the UK, and perfected with a three year trial with over 40,000 children in India participating.

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ALL Past Questions TOPIC WISE For The Last 10-12 years

Topic: Formation Of A Joint Stock Company

1.	Write briefly on– Statement in lieu of prospectus.	Marks [3]
	2004

2.	Enumerate and explain the documents to be submitted to the registrar for the incorporation of a company	Marks [10,10]
	OR	Marks [10,10]
	What is a ‘Certificate of Incorporation’? Discuss different documents in brief, that are required to be submitted to registrar of companies for incorporation of a public limited company.
	2000,1996

3.	How can a prospective investor judge from the prospectus whether the company is a sound one or not?	Marks [10]
	1998

4.	Explain the main contents of Articles of Association of a joint stock company.	Marks [10,10]
	OR
	Explain the contents of the Articles of Association.
	1997,1995

5.	Who is a promoter? What is his role in the promotion of a company?	Marks [10]
	1997

6.	Explain all clauses in a Memorandum of Association. Compare this document with the Articles of Association on the basis of any two features.	Marks [10,10,10]
	OR
	What is a Memorandum of Association? Explain its important clause.
	2001,1999,1996

7.	Explain four functions performed by a promoter of a company.	Marks [10,10]
	OR
	Who is a promoter? Identify four functions of a promoter.
	1999,1995

8.	Describe the steps necessary for the incorporation of a joint stock company.	Marks [10]
	1998

9.	Explain the various stages of promotion of a company.	Marks [10]
	1997

10.	What are the important contents of a prospectus?	Marks [10]
	1994

11.	Discuss the powers and duties of a person “occupying the position of a director, by whatever name called”.	Marks [6,4,10,4,10,6]
	OR
	Discuss the various powers of directors of a company.
	OR
	Explain five powers of the Board of Directors.
	OR
	Briefly explain the powers of Board of Directors.
	OR
	Give four duties of the Board of Directors.
	OR
	Discuss five duties of a director.
	2001,200,1999,1996,1995,1994

12.	Explain how the directors of a company are appointed.	Marks [10,10,10,12,10]
	OR
	Explain briefly any five methods of appointing directors of a company.
	OR
	What are the different modes of appointment of a director?
	2005,2002,1999,1998,1996

Topics Covered
1.	Corporate Organisation
2.	Formation of a Joint Stock Company
3.	Managerial Personnel
4.	Multinational Corporations
5.	Financing
6.	Specialised Financial Institutions
7.	Commercial Bank
8.	Mutual Funds
9.	Management
10.	Functions of Management
11.	Principles of Management
12.	Communication
13.	Marketing and its functions
14.	Sales Promotion and Advertising
15.	Personal Selling (Salesmanship)

Advantages
1.	Chapterwise presentation of all past questions allows chapterwise revision. Past questions are the most important questions you must solve first.
2.	Frequency analysis shows types of past questions with marks, year reference and whether choice or compulsory, short or long.
3.	Eliminates questions on topics not part of a forthcoming Board Exam.
4.	Adds model questions for new topics in a forthcoming Board Exam.
5.	Data is presented from the most recent to earlier years, covering 14 years.
6.	Perfect for making strategy and for the prioritization of study objectives.

Solutions To All Past Questions

Topic: Formation Of A Joint Stock Company

Question

Solution

Guidelines

Tips

Outline the difference between Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association.

[10,10,10]
2003,1997,1994

The main points of difference between Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association are as follows:
Basis Of Difference	Memorandum of Association	Articles of Association
1. Nature	The Memorandum of Association is the charter of the company, upon which alone the company is granted incorporation.	Articles lays down the rules and regulations for the internal management of the company.
2. Contents	Memorandum of Association defines the objects and powers of the company.	Articles of Association form the byelaws of the company and provide those regulations by which the objects and powers of the company can be carried out.
3. Relationship	Memorandum of Association defines the relation between a company and the outsiders.	Articles of Association define the relation between the company and the members.
4. Legal Status	Memorandum of Association being the charter, is the supreme document subordinate only to the Companies Act.	Articles of Association are subordinate to the memorandum as well as to the Companies Act
5. Alteration	Alteration in the Memorandum of Association requires certain formalities. It is difficult to make an alteration.	In Articles of Association members have full control. Alteration can be made without much difficulty.

In these types of questions, it is not required to give definition.

Concept of M.O.A. and A.O.A should be clear before writing the answer.

It is expected to explain briefly the major differences between M.O.A. and A.O.A.

Instead of giving differences in a paragraph, try to give these in tabular form a bullets.
Differences given with heading will fetch more marks.

Advantages Solutions To All Past Questions
•	They Allow Self Check.
•	They Guide As To How And How Much To Write In The Board Exam.
•	Learn Backwards From Answers.
•	Learn How To Answer In A Board Exam.
•	Tips And Formulae To Memorize.
•	Last Minute Help: Gain Marks Even While You Sit And Read In Bed!

Revision Notes
•	Revision Notes On What Has Already Come In The Last 10-12 Years Are Helpful Throughout The Year, Just Before Examinations, Or Even The Night Before Exam. They Provide A Quick Synopsis Of Solutions And Tips On Each Topic.

Topic :Corporate Organisation

Topic

No. Of Questions
(In The12Year Papers)

Questions with Solutions

Guidelines/Tips

Suggestions

Corporate Organisation

2003

37 Question
Marks for these questions range from 1 to 10. These questions have come in the compulsory and choice sections.

2005, 2004, 2003,
2002, 2001, 2000,
1999, 1998, 1997,
1996, 1995 and
1994

Question: (2000,1997,1995), 2,1,1 Marks Short
Define a private limited company.
Solution:
A Private Limited Company is one which:
1.	Restricts the rights of the members to transfer shares
2.	Limits the number of members to 50 excluding the member being past or present employees.
3.	Prohibits any invitation to the public to subscribe for any shares, or debentures of the company.
4.	Prohibits any invitation or acceptance of deposits from persons other then its members, directors or their relatives.

Read the questions carefully and answer only what is asked for.

Try to limit your short answers within 40 to 50 words approximately.

Tick:How Do You Find This Topic?

Advantages
•	No Need To Make Separate Extensive Revision Notes.
•	Especially Excellent For Last Minute Revision.
•	Use Your Short-Term Memory To Boost Results By Reviewing These Notes The Night Before Exam, When Your Mind Is The Keenest!

Prioritize Using Smart Study Plan Interpretation
•	On Topic 15 - Personal Selling (Salesmanship), there have been eighteen past questions in the last 12 years.
•	They came in the years 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, 2000, 1999, 1998, 1997, 1995, and 1994.
•	Whether they were Compulsory (Short) or Choice (Long) questions is indicated by S or L.
•	For example, the 2007 question was worth five marks and was Compulsory.
•	Suggested time to attempt all these 16 questions on your own is 70 minutes.

Frequency Analysis And Planning Chart

Advantages
•	Find Out Which Past Questions Were Difficult For You By Filling Out Each Circle According To How Difficult You Found A Question.
•	Study According To Your Personal Strengths.
•	Save Time By Planning Better.
•	Revise These Questions For A Second Time To Maximize Marks.
•	Have A Thorough Knowledge Of What Has Already Come In The Last 13 Years On Each Topic.

Remember

Going Over Past Questions Gives You More Confidence. Solutions To Every Past Question As Per Board Guidelines Ensure You Gain Every Possible Mark.

These Are The Most Important Hours You Will Spend Towards Preparation Of Your Board Exam.

Extras
•	How To Work Smart: 10 Keys To Success By Dr Sunita Gandhi.
•	Nutritional Guidelines By Dr Amitabh Pandit, A Well Known Naturopath.
•	Cd–Includes Ten Keys Of Dr Gandhi As Explained By The Students Of City Montessori School (Cms), Lucknow, Up And Testimonies of Students Who Have Used The Sure Success Series.

Please Note
•	Questions And Topics Not Relevant To A Future Board Exam Are Not Included.
•	New Model Questions Are Added Whenever A New Topic Has Been Included By The Council For A Forthcoming Board Exam.

Other Subjects
	Class X		Class XII
•	English Language	•	English Language
•	Hindi	•	Hindi
•	History & Civics	•	Accounts
•	Geography	•	Commerce
•	Commercial Studies	•	Economics
•	Computer Applications	•	Physics
•	Physics	•	Chemistry
•	Chemistry	•	Biology
•	Biology	•	Mathematics
•	Mathematics
•	Economics & Economic Applications

ˆTop

•	The MAXIM Classbook

•	GEMS Dynamic Assessments

•	PerBooks Personalised TopicBooks

•	Sure Success Series

•	TargetPLUS On-Line Mocks

•	UK GCSE Mock Papers for Mathematics

•	GEMS “Dynamic” at a Glance

•	Philosophy Behind GEMS “Dynamic”

•	GEMS “Dynamic” Surveys and Perbooks

•	GEMS “Dynamic” Reports

•	GEMS “Dynamic” Training

•	GEMS “Dynamic” Lab School?